George Washington Carver is possibly the most famous agricultural scientist of all time. |
He invented hundreds of products that could be made from crops such as peanuts and sweet potatoes, |
and he changed the methods of farming in the southern United States. |
The story of George Washington Carver’s life is interesting and inspiring, |
as it shows how some people can achieve success despite adversity. |
George Washington Carver was born in a small town in the American state of Missouri, in 1864 or 1865. |
He was named after the first President of the United States. |
George’s parents were slaves. |
His father was killed in an accident, |
and his mother was kidnapped and later died. |
George and his brother were raised by a married couple, the Carvers, who had owned George’s mother. |
George was often sick during his childhood, but he showed an intense interest in nature. |
The Carvers taught George to read and write, and he became known locally as an expert on plants. |
Later, the Carvers sent George to a school for African-American children in a nearby town. |
After his graduation, George Washington Carver continued his education in the state of Iowa. |
While a student in Iowa, Carver had very little money |
and had to work at many jobs to afford the costs of his education. |
However, his knowledge of plants was very impressive, |
and after receiving his Master’s degree, |
he became a teacher at the college he had attended as a student. |
Soon, however, Carver moved south to the state of Alabama, |
where he worked as a teacher and researcher at a college for African-American students. |
It was here that Carver stayed for the rest of his life, |
and it was here that he performed his important agricultural research. |
One problem for farmers in the southern United States |
was that the most widespread crops, cotton and tobacco, |
tended to remove nutrients from the soil. |
Carver realized that this problem could be solved, to some extent, |
by “rotating” the cotton and tobacco crops with other kinds of crops, |
such as peanuts and sweet potatoes, |
which could help to preserve the nutrients in the soil. |
Carver’s discoveries made the peanut, the sweet potato, |
and the soybean very useful to southern farmers. |
He invented the food product known as peanut butter, plus hundreds of other products. |
For example, Carver found ways to produce plastics, ink, |
cooking oil, paints, and cosmetics from peanuts and other crops. |
Carver also developed a new variety of cotton. |
Carver received many awards for his scientific research, |
but he was never interested in fame or fortune. |
When Carver died, in 1943, |
the American government made his birthplace a national monument. |
Today, Carver is still known as a great agricultural scientist. |
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